Other Chapters' Lyrics:
Earth Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 -:- Life Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 3b - 4 - 4b - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 -:- Physical Science 3
Earth Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 -:- Life Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 3b - 4 - 4b - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 -:- Physical Science 3
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Earth Science Chapter 9 - Summary Notes
·
A volcano is a mountain that
forms when molten rock, called magma, is forced to the Earth’s surface.
·
If the magma is high in water
content, the volcano is more likely to erupt explosively.
·
Explosive eruptions contain
rock fragments called pyroclastic material.
Generally, volcanoes are not explosive and contain lava instead of
pyroclastic material.
·
Volcanic ash has tremendous
effects. It can block sunlight and lower
global temperatures. It can ruin crops
and cause loss of livestock. It can dam
rivers, resulting in floods.
·
Shield volcanoes are not very
steep because they are formed from layers of runny, nonexplosive lava
eruptions.
·
Cinder cone volcanoes are made
entirely of pyroclastic material. They
are steep but erode away quickly because there is no lava to cement it
together.
·
Composite volcanoes, aka
stratovolcanoes, form by explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material followed
by outpourings of lava. This combination
forms alternating layers.
·
A crater is the pit at the top
of the central vent of a volcano.
·
Before a volcano forms, magma
collects deep in the Earth’s crust where it meets the mantle.
·
The temperature is hot enough
to melt the mantle rock, but it remains solid because there is
tremendous pressure.
·
The magma rises to the surface
because it is less dense than the surrounding rock, just like how air bubbles
rise when water boils. The pressure
drops, allowing the magma to become liquid.
·
The Ring of Fire is the border
of the