Other Chapters' Lyrics:
Earth Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 -:- Life Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 3b - 4 - 4b - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 -:- Physical Science 3
Other Chapters' Notes:
Earth Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 -:- Life Science 1 - 2 - 3 - 3b - 4 - 4b - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 -:- Physical Science 3
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Life Science Chapter 9 - Summary Notes
Taxonomy:
- Taxonomy is the science of identifying, classifying, and naming living things.
- Taxonomists classify organisms based on evolutionary relationships. Species with a more recent common ancestor are closer together on a branching diagram.
- Each species has a two-part scientific name that is in the Latin language. The first part names the genus and the second part names the species.
- Scientific names are important because scientists who speak different languages can use them universally to refer to the same species.
Kingdoms:
- Life is classified under six kingdoms: Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia, Archaea, and Bacteria.
- Protists are often (not always) single-celled and are eukaryotes (have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles). Algae are a plantlike protist.
- Plants are eukaryotes that use the sun’s energy to make sugar by a process called photosynthesis. An example is a tree.
- Fungi do not eat like animals, and they do not like photosynthesize like plants. They absorb and break down nutrients from their surroundings. Fungi have cell walls like plants do. An example is mushrooms.
- Animals are complex multicellular organisms that lack cell walls. Most animals have nervous systems and move from place to place. Humans are classified in this kingdom.
- Archaebacteria are ancient unicellular prokaryotes that can live in extreme environments.
- Eubacteria are unicellular prokaryotes and are more modern. Most bacteria are Eubacteria. E. Coli is a commonly studied bacteria found in our intestines.